The National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA) is the country’s independent regulatory authority for the electricity, piped-gas, and petroleum pipeline industries. Established in 2005 under the National Energy Regulator Act (Act No. 40 of 2004), NERSA’s mandate includes issuing licences, setting and approving tariffs, monitoring compliance, resolving disputes, and promoting fair competition within the energy sector. The regulator operates under the oversight of the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy and is governed by a board comprising nine members—five part-time and four full-time, including the Chief Executive Officer. NERSA aims to ensure a sustainable, affordable, and efficient energy industry in South Africa.